IRWeb INFO

Selected Window Thermographs From the IRLab at LBRL

The Infrared Thermography Laboratory (IRLab) at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBRL) conducts detailed laboratory experiments on the thermal performance of windows and other insulated systems. During a typical experiment, a specimen is placed between two environmental chambers that simulate a long, cold night during winter.

Besides generating informative thermal images, the experiments collect several types of quantitative data with high spatial resolution that are useful for understanding subtle details in the thermal performance and for validating computer simulations of heat and fluid flows.

Dual Glazing vs. Single Pane - 50K

Dual Glazing, Clear vs. Low-E - 60K

SuperWindow vs. Regular Low E - 90K

Vinyl Windows, Hollow vs. Foam-filled - 70K

Prototype Vacuum Glazing - 80K

Thermography experiments in the IRLab use an infrared imager to produce qualitative thermal images, or thermograms, that help provide a visual interpretation of how heat is flowing through the specimen.

The infrared thermograms are also taken and postprocessed to extract numerical data to perform quantitative thermography that produces a database of the distribution of surface temperatures on the warm side of various specimen.

A traversing system is also used to measure the distribution of air temperatures and velocities near the specimen. Research results are presented at various technical conferences — see our schedule of upcoming conferences.

Technical papers on infrared thermography are available for downloading.

The IRLab contains a machine tool shop area that supports fabrication efforts in the Building Technologies Department. Other types of research, such as Non-Destructive Evaluation, are also conducted in the IRLab.

For more information contact:

Howdy Goudey Building Technologies Program 510-486-6046 (fax)

For window properties, measurements, simulations and ratings, contact Dariush Arasteh.

For software contact RESFENHelp@lbl.gov, THERMHelp@lbl.gov or WINDOWHelp@lbl.gov

For daylighting materials, systems, simulation tools and performance issues, contact Eleanor Lee.

For residential window performance guidelines, analysis and measurements of window and skylight performance contact Dariush Arasteh.

For commercial window performance guidelines, analysis and measurements of fenestration products and systems, contact Eleanor Lee.

To contact specific individuals in the Windows and Daylighting Group, visit the STAFF section of their website.

Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
1 Cyclotron Road, MS 90-3111
Berkeley, California 94720 USA

Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory is Operated by the University of California for the U.S. Department of Energy.

Norfolk VA, USA –The Blackbody Calculator at www.SpectralCalc.com is an excellent tool for anybody working with, teaching or studying blackbody radiation.

This tool is simple but powerful.

With only a few clicks, you can plot the Planck curve over any desired range, in any system of units, and obtain numerical calculations of all the standard radiometric quantities: radiance, spectral radiance, in-band radiance, radiant emittance, peak of the Plank curve, and much more.

Unlike other online calculators, you can choose from any of the common units: watts, photons/second, microns, wavenumbers, and Hz.

Extensive documentation of the all the formulas used, complete with their derivations, is available.

Best of all, access to the Blackbody Calculator at www.SpectralCalc.com is completely free!

Lake Louise, Alberta, CANADA — The Oral Program for the May 2007 -TEMPMEKO Conference & Exhibit at The Fairmont Chateau Lake Louise, Lake Louise, Alberta has been published on the Conference website: www.tempmeko2007.org

TEMPMEKO 2007 was the 10th International Symposium on Temperature and Thermal Measurements in Industry and Science, held 21-25 May 2007

THE PROGRAM INCLUDED SEVERAL SESSIONS ON RADIATION THERMOMETRY.

Poster Session 1 held Tuesday afternoon during the hours of 16:00-17:30, covered Radiation Thermometry and other subjects. Here’s the listing of the Posters of Interest.

TEMPMEKO 2007 Poster Session 1 Posters on Radiation Thermometry

32. INFRARED RADIATION THERMOMETER FOR CALIBRATION OF BLACKBODIES FOR CLINICAL THERMOMETERS, J Ishii

33. LINEARITY STUDY ON SPECTRAL EMISSIVITY MEASUREMENT FACILITY, Z Yuan, J Zhang, J Zhao, Y Liang, Y Duan

34. ANALYSIS OF THE ACCURACY OF THE METHODS FOR THE DIRECT EMISSIVITY MEASUREMENT, R B Pérez-Sáez, L del Campo, M J Tello

5. REFLECTANCE THERMOMETRY FOR MICRO-SCALE METAL SURFACE, Y Shimizu, J Ishii

6. A GRAPHICAL METHOD FOR CALCULATING REFLECTION ERRORS IN RADIATION THERMOMETRY, D R White, P Saunders

Lake Louise, Alberta, CANADA — The Oral Program for the May 2007 -TEMPMEKO Conference & Exhibit at The Fairmont Chateau Lake Louise, Lake Louise, Alberta has been published on the Conference website: www.tempmeko2007.org

TEMPMEKO 2007 was the 10th International Symposium on Temperature and Thermal Measurements in Industry and Science, held 21-25 May 2007

THE PROGRAM INCLUDED SEVERAL SESSIONS ON RADIATION THERMOMETRY.

Here’s the papers for Tuesday, May 22nd - TEMPMEKO Day 2

Session 8: Radiation Thermometry I, Chair: Mikhail Matveyev

RADIATION THERMOMETRY TOWARDS THE TRIPLE POINT OF WATER?, J Hartmann, L Werner

UNCERTAINTY BUDGETS FOR CALIBRATION OF RADIATION THERMOMETERS BELOW THE SILVER POINT, P Saunders, J Fischer, M Sadli, M Battuello, C W Park, Y Zundong, H Yoon, W Li, E van der Ham, F Sakuma, J Ishii, M Ballico, G Machin, N Fox, J Hollandt, M Matveyev, P Bloembergen, S Ugur

REALIZATION OF RADIANCE TEMPERATURE SCALE FROM 500 K TO 1250 K BY A RADIATION THERMOMETER WITH A THERMAL DETECTOR, S-N Park, B-H Kim, C-W Park, D-H Lee

NIST RADIANCE TEMPERATURE AND INFRARED SPECTRAL RADIANCE SCALE AT NEAR-AMBIENT TEMPERATURES, S N Mekhontsev, V B Khromchenko, L M Hanssen

Session 11: Radiation Thermometry II, Chair: Mark Ballico

RENEWED FACILITY AT NMI VSL BY ITS-90 SCALE REALISATION ON A COMMERCIAL CALIBRATION FACILITY, P R Dekker, E W M van der Ham

RADIATION THERMOMETRY AND EMISSIVITY MEASUREMENTS UNDER VACUUM AT THE PTB, C Monte, B Gutschwager, S P Morozova, J Hollandt

FOURIER-TRANSFORM RADIATION THERMOMETRY: FIRST RESULTS USING A DUAL BEAM INSTRUMENT, P G Piva

AC-MODE SW-IR RADIATION THERMOMETERS FOR MEASUREMENT OF AMBIENT TEMPERATURES, G P Eppeldauer, H W Yoon

Session 14: Low-Temperature Blackbodies, Chair: Helen McEvoy

STUDY OF WATER HEAT PIPE BLACKBODY AS STANDARD FOR INFRARED SPECTRAL RADIANCE AND RADIANCE TEMPERATURE, M Noorma, S Mekhontsev, V Khromchenko, J Envall, L Hanssen

A HIGH EMISSIVITY BLACKBODY WITH LARGE APERTURE FOR RADIOMETRIC CALIBRATION AT LOW TEMPERATURE, H Y Ko, B-J Wen, S-F Tsai, G-W Li

LOW-TEMPERATURE BLACKBODIES FOR IR CALIBRATIONS IN MEDIUM BACKGROUND ENVIRONMENT, S Ogarev, M Samoylov, N Parfentyev, V Sapritsky

DESIGN AND EVALUATION OF LARGE APERTURE GALLIUM FIXED POINT BLACKBODY, V B Khromchenko, S N Mekhontsev, L M Hanssen

{ED. NOTE: This article is extracted from one in a series of news articles on the TEMPMEKO 2007 Conference previously published on our website TempSensorNEWS.com. }

measurement

Lake Louise, Alberta, CANADA — The Oral Program for the May 2007 -TEMPMEKO Conference & Exhibit at The Fairmont Chateau Lake Louise, Lake Louise, Alberta has been published on the Conference website: www.tempmeko2007.org

TEMPMEKO 2007 was the 10th International Symposium on Temperature and Thermal Measurements in Industry and Science, held 21-25 May 2007

THE PROGRAM INCLUDED SEVERAL SESSIONS ON RADIATION THERMOMETRY.

Here’s the list for Monday, the first full Conference day.

In subsequent posts we will detail the rest of the papers. They are, by the way covered in earlier articles on our news website, TempSensorNEWS.com

Program Details, Monday May 21, 2007

THERMODYNAMIC RADIATION THERMOMETRY FOR THE NEXT SI, C E Gibson, H W Yoon, V Khromchenko, G P Eppeldauer, R R Bousquet, S W Brown, K R Lykke

INFRARED FILTER RADIOMETERS FOR THERMODYNAMIC TEMPERATURE DETERMINATION BELOW 660 °C, R D Taubert, N Noulkow, P Meindl, J Hollandt

Session 6:Emissivity

Chair: Jörg Hollandt

RADIATIVE PROPERTIES OF BLACKBODY CALIBRATION SOURCES: RECENT ADVANCES IN COMPUTER MODELING, A V Prokhorov, S N Mekhontsev, L M Hanssen

SPECTRAL EMISSIVITY OF SURFACE BLACKBODY CALIBRATORS, S Clausen

INFLUENCE OF BLACKBODY RADIATOR EMISSIVITY AND ITS CORRECTION METHOD, Z Yuan

EVALUATION OF BLACKBODY CAVITY EMISSIVITY IN THE INFRARED USING TOTAL INTEGRATED SCATTER MEASUREMENTS, L M Hanssen, S N Mekhontsev, J Zeng, A V Prokhorov

The balance of the program’s paper and poster details will be published in later posts.

However, full program details are online at the TempMeko 2007 website, www.tempmeko2007.org.

List of Exhibitors at TempMeko 2007:

Advanced Cooling Technologies
Automatic Systems Laboratories
Electronic Development Labs
Fluke Corporation, Hart Scientific Division
Guildline Instruments
INSCO
Isotech North America
Measurements International Ltd.
Pond Engineering
RH Systems
Rotronic
Thunder Scientific
Vanko Analytics Limited
Veriteq Instruments, Inc.

measurement

The Correlated Photon Research at NIST in the USA is a project in the Optical Technology division, currently investigating the application of correlated photon techniques for noncontact temperature measurements at high temperatures and specifically aimed at the following problems:

• Determining the absolute responsivity of photon counting detectors
• Making absolute radiance measurements of high temperature IR sources
• Producing a reliable single-photon on-demand source

Many of their published paper on these research topics have been published and are available for download in PDF Format from the NIST website. Here’s the list, with download links as of September 9, 2007.

Efficient generation of correlated photon pairs in a microstructure fiber, (2268 kB) , J. Fan, A. Migdall, and L.J. Wang Opt. Lett. 30(24), 3368 (2005).

Generation of cross-polarized photon pairs in a microstructure fiber with frequency-conjugate laser pump pulses,(1798 kB) , J. Fan and A. Migdall, Opt. Exp. 13, 5777(2005).

Spatial and spectral mode selection of heralded single photons from pulsed parametric down-conversion, (891 kB) , S. Castelletto, I.P. Degiovanni, V. Schettin, and A. Migdall, Opts. Exp. 13, 6709 (2005).

Two-Photon Mode Preparation and Matching Efficiency: Definition, Measurement, and Optimization, (296 kB) , S. Castelletto, I.P. Degiovanni, G. Furno, V. Schettini, A. Migdall, and M. Ware, IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement, 54, 890-893 (2005).

Photonic Technologies for Quantum Information Processing,(354 kB) , P. Kumar, P. Kwiat, A. Migdall, S. Nam, J. Vuckovic, and F.N.C. Wong, Quantum Inf. Processing. 3, 215(2004).

On the measurement of two-photon single-mode coupling efficiency in parametric down-conversion photon sources,( 643 kB) , S. Castelletto, I.P. Degiovanni, A. Migdall and M. Ware, New J. Phys. 6, 87 (2004).

Introduction to Journal of Modern Optics Special Issue on Single-photon: detectors, applications, and measurement methods,” (66 kB) , A. Migdall and J. Dowling, J. Mod. Opt. 51, 1265-1266 (2004).

Single-photon detector characterization using correlated photons: the march from feasibility to metrology, (140 kB) ,M. Ware and A. Migdall, J. Mod. Opt. 51, 1549-1557 (2004).

For entire issue on photon counting see:
Special Issue: Single-photon: detectors, applications, and measurement methods,

Proc. NIST-ARDA Workshop on Single-photon: detectors, applications and measurement methods NIST, Gaithersburg, MD, 31 March-1 April 2003 ed. by A. Migdall and J. Dowling 51, No. 9-10/15 June-10 (July 2004).

Single Photon Source with Individualized Single Photon Certifications,(308 KB) , A.L. Migdall, D. Branning, S. Castelletto, and M. Ware, Proc. of SPIE, 4821, 455-465 (2002).

Tailoring single-photon and multiphoton probabilities of a single-photon on-demand source,” (140 KB) , A.L. Migdall, D. Branning, and S. Castelletto, Phys. Rev. A 66, 053805 (2002).

Simultaneous measurement of group and phase delay between two photons (532 KB) , D. Branning A.L. Migdall, and A.V. Sergienko, Phys. Rev. A, 62, 063808 (2000).

Correlated-Photon Metrology without Absolute Standards,” (7.69 MB) ,A. Migdall, Phys. Today, January (1999).

NOTE: About the Techniques…

(Per the statements on the NIST Webpages)

“Each of these techniques uses the process of optical parametric down-conversion (PDC) to produce correlated pairs of photons.

This process employs a nonlinear medium which allows photons from a pump beam to, in effect, decay into pairs of photons under the restrictions of energy and momentum conservation.

Since the two “decay” photons are born at the same time, the detection of one photon indicates with high certainty the existence of the other photon of the pair. In addition, the conservation of energy and momentum allow the wavelength and direction of one photon to be determined from the other.

Longer range plans include arrangements to make the absolute response/radiance methods continuously tunable, and to extend their spectral range as far into the infrared as possible.”

Radiation Thermometry: Fundamentals and Applications in the Petrochemical Industry (SPIE Press Book) by Peter Saunders.

This book was just released on 3 August 2007 It is available from the SPIE Press, ISBN: 9780819467836, price for SPIE Members: $39.00(USD), and Non-member: $47.00 (USD).

(I just got my copy last week!)

At last, someone has done a very thorough job on pulling together all the different details involved in solving this most difficult and long-standing measurement problem and written a exceptional book about it.

In it, both the Near IR and Mid IR measurement approaches are described in detail and the problems of other verification means are described. It is also an excellent review in MHO of the subject of Thermal Radiation (IR) Thermometry.

The author is an objective worker in the field, Dr. Peter Saunders, a well-known physicist who works at The Measurement Standards Laboratory (MSL), New Zealand’s National Metrology Institute.

His book, is the latest, but possibly not the last word, on this measurement problem area. But, after skimming through the chapters, I think it will be a while before anyone digs as deeply into this application area of temperature measurement as he has.

The problem was recognised by many organizations in the Oil Industry and just over 20 years ago another unique instrument was developed and patented by Exxon Research to help solve it and get around the limitations of the then workhorse instrument, the Disappearing Filament Optical Pyrometer.

That instrument concept in the form of several different models are manufactured by the Pyrometer Instrument Company under license from Exxon. Called The PyroLaser, it is used effectively to correct for emissivity in many uses and attempts to solve the measurement problem of reflected radiation in Petrochemical furnaces.

The Quantum I Portable Laser IR Thermometer, now made by Mikron Infrared, is a similar device and was designed by the original inventor of the patented Exxon Research device.

A competing Land Instruments device, the portable Cyclops 390B Furnace Pro uses a different approach by using an optimum measuring waveband, where estimated emissivity errors can be more readily tolerated.

I highly recommend a good read of Dr. Saunder’s book before one commits to buy anything. The price of it is negligible compared to any of the measurement devices on the market and and the savings of time it offers by his shared experience and theoretical knowledge.

Peter Saunders is a true expert and has done a very thorough and remarkable job that goes back over a period of several years.

My final comment is: I only wish I had the know-how, experience and writing ability to have written such a unique and well-done monograph. Kudos to Dr. Peter Saunders!

Ray Peacock

Temperatures.com